Amsterdam, the capital of the Netherlands, is one of the most fascinating cities in Europe. It has a unique charm, with historic canals, a vibrant cultural scene and an exceptional range of cuisine. This comprehensive guide offers everything you need to know for your next visit to Amsterdam – from history and sightseeing to the best restaurants.
Location and geography
Amsterdam is located in the west of the Netherlands and is the country’s largest city. It stretches along the Amstel River and is characterised by an impressive network of canals, which have been declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The canals were built as trade routes in the 17th century and give the city its distinctive character today. Thanks to its flat landscape and numerous cycle paths, Amsterdam is considered one of the most bicycle-friendly cities in the world.
A look at the history
Amsterdam’s history dates back to the 13th century, when fishermen founded a small settlement on the river Amstel. In the 17th century, the so-called ‘Golden Age’, the city gained great importance as a trading metropolis. Thanks to its location and lively maritime trade, Amsterdam became the centre of world trade and one of the richest cities in Europe. This legacy can still be seen today in the magnificent merchants’ houses along the canals. During the Second World War, the city suffered heavy losses, including the tragic fate of Anne Frank, whose diary documented the horrors of the occupation. Today, Amsterdam is a cosmopolitan centre of art, culture and innovation.
Climate and best time to visit
Amsterdam has a temperate maritime climate with mild winters and pleasant summers. Winter temperatures are usually between 2 and 6°C, while the summer months are pleasantly warm, averaging between 17 and 20°C. Rain is not unusual in Amsterdam. Rain is not uncommon in Amsterdam, so it is always a good idea to bring an umbrella. The best time to visit is between April and October, especially in spring when the tulip fields are in full bloom, or in autumn when the city is covered in golden foliage.
Currency and language
The currency in Amsterdam is the Euro (EUR, €). Credit cards such as Visa and Mastercard are accepted in most restaurants, shops and hotels, but it’s always worth carrying some cash, especially at markets and small cafes.
The official language is Dutch, but don’t worry – most Amsterdammers speak fluent English, so it’s easy to communicate. German is also often understood in the tourist areas.
Culture
Amsterdam is a cultural epicentre with a diverse mix of historic museums, modern art and innovative architecture. With a vibrant nightlife and creative scene, the city is known for its liberal values. Street artists, jazz clubs and alternative art galleries are on every corner. Traditional Dutch culture meets a cosmopolitan and young population, making the city a vibrant place. Especially popular are the many ‘brown cafés’, cosy pubs with a rustic atmosphere where you can relax with a Heineken or Genever.
Culinary highlights
Amsterdam has an impressive variety of restaurants and cafés. Here are some of the best places to eat and treats not to be missed:
- Chun Café: Here you can enjoy the famous egg drop sandwiches, fluffy brioches filled with egg and savoury ingredients. Perfect for a tasty breakfast.
- Polarberry: Specialising in chocolate covered strawberries in a variety of flavours and toppings – a sweet treat.
- Maijard Smashburgers: Specialises in incredibly juicy smashburgers with homemade sauces and crispy buns. A must for burger fans.
- Fabel Fries: Dutch fries to perfection! Crispy, golden brown and served with a choice of delicious sauces and toppings.
- Saint-Jean Bakery: Famous for their cruffins, a delicious cross between a croissant and a muffin!
- Lourens: Serving crookies – a cross between a croissant and a cookie!
- Stroopwafels: A typical Dutch pastry consisting of two thin, crispy wafer layers held together by a gooey caramel filling.
Top sights
Amsterdam has many highlights not to be missed. Here are the most important ones:
Anne Frank Huis
The Anne Frank House on the Prinsengracht is one of the most moving places in the city. This is where Anne Frank hid with her family during the Second World War. Today it is a museum that gives an insight into her tragic story.
The canals of Amsterdam
The landmark of the city! The picturesque canals run through the entire city centre and invite you to take a boat trip. The atmosphere is especially magical at night when the bridges are illuminated.
Dancing houses on the Damrak
The famous Damrak canal is home to the famous leaning houses. Because of the soft ground and the old wooden foundations, they lean slightly, which has earned them the nickname ‘dancing houses’.
Rijksmuseum
The Rijksmuseum is the most important museum in the Netherlands and houses masterpieces by Rembrandt, Vermeer and other Dutch artists. A must for art lovers.
Van Gogh Museum
This is the largest collection of works by the famous painter Vincent van Gogh. The museum offers a fascinating insight into the life and work of the artist.
Amsterdam Centraal
Amsterdam Central Station is not only a transport hub, but also an architectural highlight. The imposing building was constructed at the end of the 19th century and is an ideal starting point for exploring the city.
Vintage shops in the 'Nine Streets'
The ‘De Negen Straatjes’ (Nine Streets) area is a vintage lover’s paradise. Here you will find unique fashion, design classics and small boutiques with individual treasures.
Flower Market (Bloemenmarkt)
The floating flower market on the Singel is an Amsterdam institution. Here you can buy tulip bulbs, fresh flowers and typical souvenirs. The market is a real highlight, especially in the spring.
Amsterdam is a city of diversity. Whether strolling through the historic streets, visiting the impressive museums or simply relaxing in one of the many cafes, there is always something to discover. The mix of history, culture and modern lifestyle makes Amsterdam a perfect destination for everyone. Once you’ve been here, you’ll definitely be back!
